JFK Conspiracy Essay Example

JFK Conspiracy Essay The assassination of our nations 35th president, John Fitzgerald Kennedy, is one of the most controversial and divisive government conspiracies in the narration of American history. There are an incredible amount of speculations and ideas brought up by both the American public and diagnostic investigators. So far none of these premises have had enough conclusive evidence to suit as being the real cause to the JFK assassination. However, of the couple dozen most widely considered speculations, the one that is most conclusive in its examination is the indictment against the United States Government and the Central Intelligence Agency for covering up and staging their homicide of President John F. Kennedy and their suppression of the truth from the American Public. The day of November 2nd 1963 and all the conspiracy surrounding it begins with the annunciation of Senator Kennedy as the President of The United States. In order to most completely understand this conspiracy, one needs tofir st look at the Presidents life and the events leading up to it and then the analytical evidence of the possible motives to his assassination (Marris, Preface). John F. Kennedy was the youngest president ever to be elected to office at the only the age of 42. After a lavish childhood, Kennedy moved to Boston in 1946 and ran for a seat in the House of Representatives. He won, but then again, in 1951 he was elected to the Senate using the famous slogan, The New Generation Offers a Leader (Spencer, 18-20). During his senatorship, JFK met, and later married, Jacqueline Lee Bouvier, a writer for The Times Herald of Washington. Mrs. Kennedy was from a family of wealthy aristocrats of French descent. They were married in 1953 and had two children named Caroline and John Junior. Kennedy was a democrat and was convincingly one of the most popular democrats during the time. Richard Nixon was Kennedys republican rival and was the vice presid

Media and Football Essay Example

Media and Football Essay Example Relationship Between the Media and Football Essay Relationship Between the Media and Football Essay Cooperative games first became mandatory in Harrow school, but they were encouraged in other educational institutions too, mainly because they somehow allowed students organizing their leisure. As a result, in 1840-1870, football has become one of the elements of educating loyalty to the team, as well as willingness to sacrifice personal interests for the sake of the team. In general, it became such internal unity of the spirit, which schools in England were famous for (Turnbull, Raab, and Satterlee 76). How and why has the Relationship Between the Media and Football Changed Over Time? By the middle of the 19th century, the educated classes established a cult of physical exercise, where football and cricket was the subject of worship not only in private schools, but also in the universities of Oxford and Cambridge. The number of participants was not limited; there were always fights and brawls, while one could play using both arms and legs. If there were any rules, they were going the rounds rather orally than in any other way. Two years later, several graduates of private schools, who arrived in Cambridge, tried to develop a common set of football rules, known as Cambridge Rules (Turnbull, Raab, and Satterlee 79). Now we know that the game of football was not confined to the walls of private educational institutions, being beloved among a much wider population. Sports newspapers of that time were full of advertisements about calls for football competitions, and often the game was for money. It was the first mention of football in general, and in newspapers particularly (Turnbull, Raab, and Satterlee 81). According to John Turnbull, the First Division appliance between Arsenal and Sheffield United became the initial football match to be aired live on the radio. The given event took place at Highbury, on Saturday, January 22, 1927. The first football commentator in the history was Henry Wakelam, who became a sports reporter only three weeks after the BBC had received its Royal Charter, which allowed it to transmit coverage of major sporting competitions. In order to encourage the listener to track the play, the Radio Times printed an enumerated grid of the pitch with Wakelam announcing grid numbers in his commentary. Arsenal was also involved in the first radio broadcast of an FA Cup Final (Turnbull, Raab, and Satterlee 92). Ten years later, on September 16, 1937, Highbury again organized a famous first, namely the first live TV broadcast of a football game. It should be mentioned that it was the period when television broadcasting was very much in its infancy. The event was an all-Arsenal affair, and the match itself was scheduled to examine the highly advanced technology of that time. Yet, there were only a few thousand TVs in the whole country; thus, not many people were able to watch this broadcast at the time but, as they say, the rest is history. Football was originally designed more to become a form of leisure time, and not a professional occupation. Young people, who founded the English Football Association, did not seek to professionalization of the game, and did not wish their offspring such a fate. However, by the early 1880s, it became clear that a new sport had become something of a mania, especially for the population of industrial cities in central and northern England, as well as Glasgow and Central Scotland. Thousands of people were ready to pay for the opportunity to watch Cups competitions of the leading teams. In turn, local businessmen gladly spent money to maintain the football clubs of their cities. Leaving a home and a job, the Scots went to play in the English clubs; 55 Scots played for eleven Lancashire teams in 1884 (Goldblatt 42). High and medium skilled workers and even many middle-class clerks had the opportunity to play football or just go to games; they regularly received sufficiently high salary, and Saturday night was a public holiday when the games were held. Football Association tried to prevent players from getting money, facing players to suspension in some matches or even disqualifying them for a long time. The decisive moment came in the 1884-1885 season (Goldblatt 45). In early 1884, Preston North End took in its field Upton Park in the fourth round of the Cup of the Football Association. After the match ended in a draw, guests, gentlemen amateur team from London, filed a protest, claiming that the Preston North End were professionals. The Football Association conducted an investigation, and although the fact that the participation of professionals had not been confirmed, Preston North End was accused of illegally luring away players from other clubs. The team was removed from the tournament, but in response, several major clubs held a meeting, at which they discussed the possibility of theirs exit from the Football Association, as its headquarters were located in London. Representatives of 40 clubs met in Manchester, threatening the creation of alternative British Football Association. A certain social, regional, and emotional subtext was standing over this attempt to split, since the essential role in the outlined conflict was played by confrontation between North and South, as well as strong anti-London moods. However, it was obvious for some FA managers, and primarily for its Secretary, Charles Alcock, that if the association wanted to maintain its position, it was necessary to find a compromise with supporters of professional football. A compromise was found in 1885, and professionalism in football was legalized within the English Football Association. It was the start of commercialization (Goldblatt 50-51). Sponsorship and sponsors’ logos on the form of football clubs have long been a â€Å"non grata†, unless one considered drawings of the agencies and organizations logos on the official team T-shirts. However, only in the second half of the 20th century (in the 1970s, to be precise), it became possible to break the consciousness stereotypes of those, who did not want to see commercial trademarks next to their favorite teams’ logos. Therefore, the first football uniforms with the printed commercial names or signs of the sponsors, appeared in Europe in the 1970s (Fizel 61). The first club that placed its sponsor’s logo on the shirt was the West German club, Eintracht Braunschweig. The management of the team has signed a contract with the producers of the famous Jgermeister, and the famous antlers, which symbolize this particular drink, became the world’s first image of the sponsor placed on a football uniform (Young 132). A few years later, other major professional leagues have adopted the West German experience. For example, the first mention of such cooperation between a football club and a sponsor was applied in the UK, in 1976. With regard to Major League of the United Kingdom, today Liverpool players are considered to be the first, who started to wear commercial company logo on their shirts. Liverpool became the first British professional club, which placed the logo of their sponsor on the shirt, after they agreed to a deal with Hitachi in 1979. A long-liver among the title sponsors of the British teams is JVC. Its logo has appeared on the Arsenal shirts in 1981, and this partnership continued until the year 2000 (Young 134). Spanish Football Federation endorsed the idea of selling advertising spaces on the teams’ game forms in the 1981-82 season. At the same time, Manuel Meyer, then head of the Espanyol, strongly opposed the decision, calling it a â€Å"betrayal of the club colors and values†. The decision was made on October 9, 1981, with 82 votes â€Å"for† among 124 clubs taking part in the vote. By now, since Athletic Bilbao signed agreement with Petronor in 2008, and Barcelona yet agreed to host logo of Qatar Foundation on their game shirts, La Liga does not have a single club that has never had a title sponsor (Fizel 68). Big money came into football in the 90s, and after the â€Å"Bosman case†, football player did became a customary employee, who worked for the money and had all the privileges of the employee. The moment of football becoming a business could be clearly shown on the example of Manchester United. Back in 1990, when the present Manchester United was just reborn from the ashes under the guidance of Sir Alex Ferguson, the board decided to issue shares on the public sale of the club (that is the IPO), which made it clear that the club would be positioned as a mixture of a football club and the company’s business. The club had various owners until that day, and they were formally the owners of a company called MU. However, the simultaneousness of shares release to the exchange and the overall commercialization of football in the 90s, certainly clarified in what direction the club would go (Dobson 121). It meant the fact that there was a chance that any more or less billionaire, who naturally could not have any idea that Theatre of Dreams was not a theater at all, having enough money, could fully buy the club and take it under control, that is even now impossible to imagine in Germany and in several clubs in Spain (Real Madrid, Barcelona, Athletic). Considering that incomes of the Premier League clubs in the late 90s began to spring up like mushrooms overnight, attempts at such capture (capture by businessmen, who try to make profit) were inevitable and were only a matter of time. Certainly, this time had come (Dobson 125). The first man, who tried to grab a piece of sweet cake called Manchester United that was growing by leaps and bounds, was Rupert Murdoch from the BSkyB Corporation, and it happened 8 years after the release of club’s shares to the exchange. Then, there appeared the Glazer family, which seeing a huge financial potential of the club, slowly began to buy the club shares, reaching about 30% in October 2004. Then, in summer 2005, the Glazers brought theirs block of shares to 98% that gave them absolute power over the club. Later, there was information that the family took a debt of 265 million pounds by putting in pledge MU, and 275 million pounds of other debts. In general, the debt increased to an astronomical 660 million pounds, by which the club was obliged to return 62 million pounds every year (Dobson 129). Today, the debt fell to 367 million pounds mark due to the stable service and the first output of shares to the exchange. Summing up all these figures and facts, it can be said that the majority of big clubs now turned into the company’s business due multimillion TV and sponsorship contracts. Such clubs put profits rather than athletic performance for the sake of all. Generally, management style of big clubs can be divided into three types: Private owner who seeks only benefit; Private owner, who loves football, and spend a lot of money; Joint ownership of the club fans or small investors. Each of the mentioned types has its pros and cons. However, the fact remains that Premier League clubs have turned to the company’s business and the price of transfers, TV and sponsorship contracts are growing very quickly. As in any economic sector, protracted period of growth will someday reach its peak, and the correction will begin, that is, the bubble will burst, bringing great upheavals in this sphere. Nonetheless, only preventive measures, such as Financial Fair Play from European football officials could save the situation. Undoubtedly, commerce is very useful to football, making it brighter, more interesting and more accessible, but it also brings some pitfalls that one needs to successfully circumvent right now, or it will be too late (Fizel 94). Nowadays, more money is spent on players. It is the new reality and paradox at the same time. The best players in the world get paid more than they have ever been paid, when they played a brutal, utilitarian football. Consequence of enrichment of players on such a scale is the degeneration and destruction of command ethics, connection between player and fan. If such a gap occurs, one cannot possibly save the very foundations of this beautiful game. For example, Cristiano Ronaldo severed all relations that bound him to Manchester United fans, not to mention the relationship with his teammates. Commercialization of football led to a basis of transfers. There is a gulf between football science and football practice, and no one cares about this gulf. The most important things are money and entertainment events, which are ensured by the innate abilities of players-legionnaires. National football schools, which demand is rapidly declining, more and more serve as props. If the club owners were worried about the national football, they would make some efforts to impose a veto on further transfers, and would be seriously engaged in development of football schools. At a minimum, they should reduce an annual legionaries’ quota. Currently, the world football moves on the road, sunk in the transfer fog. However, there is another way that is clear, and where money is not the top priority. This is the way of development of national football schools and establishment of coaching schools, alongside with their radical reformation.

Analysis Of Factors Influencing Activities Of Bmw Marketing Essay

Analysis Of Factors Influencing Activities Of Bmw Marketing Essay This text is an analysis of factors influencing the activities of BMW in its efforts to enhance the participation in national and international markets. At the very beginning of the text, the link between profitability and competition is briefly outlined. The nest phase provides a brief insight into the background of the firm, followed by a brief insight into the Mintzberg’s and Whittington’s views on emergent school of strategy formation. The history of the BMW is scrutinised to identify an event which has presented the firm with the strategic paradoxes discussed by Mintzberg. The next chapter of the report consists of an analysis of the external environment with the aid of a PESTLE and Porter’s Diamond Framework and a look into the impact of home market condition on BMW’s international activities. The final chapters of the report outlines the key strategic decisions that BMW will have to take in the near future and the implementation issues related to t he decisions concern. Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 1 2.0 Organisational background 2 3.0 Scope 3 4.0 Strategy paradoxes in BMW’s history 3 5.0 External environment 5 6.0 Internal strengths and weaknesses 8 7.0 Key strategic decisions or recommendations 10 8.0 Implementation challenges 10 9.0 Conclusion 11 10.0 References 13 12.0 Appendices 14 Appendix A – BMW Group in Figures 14 List of Figures Figure 1: BMW Group Revenues by region 2 Figure 2: BMW Group Deliveries of automobiles by region and market 2 Figure 3: Oil price trend 5 Figure 4: Exchange rates compared to the Euro 6 Figure 5: BMW Group in figures 14 1.0 Introduction An organisation can increase upon its profitability either by locating an attractive industry or by establishing a distinct competitive advantage over its rivals. Over the years with increasing competition across all the industries, very few industries environments guarantee definitive secure returns. Establishing a competitive advantage, t hus, has become the primary goal of devising any strategy within an organisation. A successful organisation makes its balance sheet stronger by establishing and sustaining competitive advantage. The secret of sustaining competitive advantage in a firm lies in its expertise at keeping their competitors away from imitating successful strategies. The greater the difficulty that rivals face in analysing the resources and capabilities required in order to imitate the source of competitive advantage, the greater is the sustainability of the firm’s competitive advantage. Resources and capabilities, thus, are fundamental to a company’s strategy and decision-making. However, in an international context, a firm’s potential for competitive advantage not only lies in its resources and capabilities but also by the government under which it operates, the legal policies in those countries, exchange rates and a number of other factors. Thus, in order to decide whether an organi sation should participate more at national and international level necessitates a thorough analysis of two factors – (i) the industrial attractiveness of the overseas market and (ii) the firm’s capability of effectively transferring its resource and capabilities to the new location. While I put forward my arguments and analysis, I would like to follow a structured approach. I would first provide a brief organisational background followed by the scope of this report. Next, I would touch upon the organisational history and highlight couple of critical incidents to illustrate some of the strategy paradoxes by some of the leading commentators from the emergent school of thought. I would then perform an external environment analysis in order to identify the threats and opportunities in the industry followed by an internal analysis to ascertain the strengths and weaknesses of the organisation. This would lead to the key success factors and finally I would come up with the ke y strategic decisions that the company need to take and the implementation challenges associated with it before concluding this report.

Change of Organizational Culture Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Change of Organizational Culture Case - Essay Example The first step taken by the team in cultural change was the introduction of cultural change toolbox. These were all standard tools including detailed forms for organizational quarterly performance evaluations. There were many other tools including resource planning, talent reviews, learning forums, conference calls and HR processes.The introduction of matrices, processes, programs and structures which were part of Home Depot cultural change were the main elements which added as a fuel in the company’s cultural change. These matrices quantified data on both sides of the equations i.e. the customer side and the employee side. On the customer side it was quantified in the form of feedback and customer perception about the stores and likewise on the employee side an HR process was introduced.Donovan introduced a new performance management system lessening more than 150 employee forms to just three one page electronic documents. The new performance management was quantitative in na ture rather than qualitative as it was before. It enabled the HR department and the managers to identify people with right skill set for the right job.Other matrices like revenue, margins, inventory, cash flow relationship matrices and matrices for collaboration and decision making for managers were also presented which purposely simplified processes like merchandising, operations and the whole supply chain process.In the Processes part the two-hour Monday morning conference call by executives with individual reports.

Women's role in the African American Church Research Paper

Women's role in the African American Church - Research Paper Example However the Africans continued expressing their own religions and their own gods until slave and plantation life began to shut them off from their African origins. One can imagine there were religious gatherings of Africans at this time. There is evidence that when slaves were given Sundays off in New Orleans they would go to a place called Congo Square and with drums and dance, continue the religious celebrations they had in Africa. Black women held a status that was at the bottom of the wheel throughout American history. They were never given official recognition by the Church as preachers. Their lives were brutal were they continuously fell victim to rape and sexual exploitation from white males. Yet the early history of the African American church demonstrates how some black women received the ‘call’ to preach and how they showed an inner strength that persevered and accounted for the survival of many women and children. There were always free African Americans. Some of them had bought their freedom. These slaves learned to read and write. The free slaves were surrounded by different expressions of the white American culture. The whites were primarily Christians and they practiced their Christianity through various religions such as the Puritans, the Quakers, the Methodist, the Catholics, Episcopalians, and the Mennonites, among others. All these religions were based on one source, the bible. Slaves and free blacks begin to realize that by reading and learning the Bible, they could become Christians too and participate as Christians in the American economy. This is what some of them did. Some of the slaves read the Bible and argued that they had become converted to Christianity by getting baptized. White leaders begin to realize that if black people read the Bible, they would probably question white people's conduct of slavery on moral grounds and begin to threaten the entire institution of slavery. The white people soon past laws that not only disallowed black slaves to become Christian converts, but to make sure that black people could not escape their status as slaves. But white slaveowners also used the Bible to preach to slaves that it was right that they show obedience to their masters. During the 1770s, the Great Awakening occurred among white Christians. This was an evangelist movement where the white preachers, some of them like George Whitefield becoming famous, preached to large groups of people, exciting them with flashy oratory and songs and moving great numbers of people to convert and become Christians. Among those black people who could read, they interpreted several important themes from the Bible. Freedom became a real concept to them and these blacks began comparing themselves to the Israelites whose God eventually led them from Egyptian captivity. The Bible also served as a reading instrument for some of the slaves who were determined to learn to read. African Americans were well aware of Christianity as a religion and as slaves many of them begin to fuse some of their own religious symbols in Christianity. Blacks begin to have their own spiritual meetings in secret on the plantations and these were actually seedlings of the first black churches. Christian religion allowed them to see contradictions between the way they were treated and the way Christians professed to be. Early Churches A few plantation owners built churches for the slaves and had white preachers preach to them about obeying and being meek before the master. Masters who trusted their slaves allowed them to read and study the bible. Georgle Liele's master allowed him to be baptized

Marketing management Essay Example for Free

Marketing management Essay Slide 9.1 it’s good and good for you Chapter 9a Developing new products and  managing the product life cycle Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.2 New product development and product life-cycle strategies Topic outline †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ New product development strategy New product development process Managing new product development Product life-cycle strategies Additional product and service considerations Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.3 New product development strategy Two ways to obtain new products Acquisition refers to the buying of a whole  company, a patent or a license to produce  someone else’s product. New product development refers to the  development of original products, product  improvements, product modifications and  new brands through the firm’s own product  development efforts. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.4 New product development process  Major stages in new product development Figure 9.1 Major stages in new-product development Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.5 New product development process (Continued) Idea generation Idea generation is the systematic search for new product ideas. Sources of new product ideas †¢ Internal †¢ External Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.6 New product development process (Continued) Idea generation Internal sources refer to the company’s  own formal research and  development, management and staff, and intrapreneurial programs. External sources refer to sources outside  the company such as customers,  competitors, distributors, suppliers  and outside design firms. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.7 New product development process (Continued) Crowdsourcing Inviting broad communities of people—  customers, employees, independent  scientists and researchers and even the public at large—into the new product  innovation process. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.8 New product development process (Continued) Idea screening †¢ Identify good ideas and drop poor ideas. †¢ R-W-W screening framework: – Is it real? – Can we win? – Is it worth doing? Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.9 New product development process (Continued) Concept development and testing Product idea is an idea for a possible product  that the company can see itself offering to the market.  Product concept is a detailed version of the  idea stated in meaningful consumer terms.  Product image is the way consumers  perceive an actual or potential product. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.10 New product development process (Continued) Concept development and testing Concept testing refers to testing new product concepts with a group of target consumers to find out if the concepts have strong consumer appeal. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.11 New product development process (Continued) Marketing strategy development †¢ Marketing strategy development involves designing an initial marketing strategy for a new product based on the product concept. †¢ Marketing strategy statement includes: – Description of the target market – Value proposition – Sales and profit goals. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.12 New product development process (Continued) Marketing strategy development Business analysis involves a review of the sales, costs and profit projections to find out whether they satisfy the company’s objectives. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.13 New product development process (Continued) Marketing strategy development Product development †¢ †¢ †¢ Involves the creation and testing of one or more physical versions by the RD or engineering departments. Requires an increase in investment. Shows whether the product idea can be turned into a workable product. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.14 New product development process (Continued) Marketing strategy development Test marketing is the stage at which the product and marketing program are introduced into more realistic marketing settings. Provides the marketer with experience in testing the product and entire marketing program before full introduction. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.15 New product development process (Continued) Types of test markets Standard test markets Controlled test markets Simulated test markets Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.16 New product development process (Continued) Marketing strategy development †¢ Advantages of simulated test markets – Less expensive than other test methods – Faster – Restricts access by competitors. †¢ Disadvantages – Not considered as reliable and accurate due to the controlled setting. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.17 New product development process (Continued) Marketing strategy development When firms test market †¢ New product with large investment †¢ Uncertainty about product or marketing program When firms may not test market †¢ Simple line extension †¢ Copy of competitor product †¢ Low costs †¢ Management confidence Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.18 New product development process (Continued) Marketing strategy development Commercialisation is the introduction of the new product †¢ When to launch †¢ Where to launch †¢ Planned market rollout Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.19 Managing new product development Successful new product development should be: †¢ customer-centred †¢ team-based †¢ systematic. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.20 Managing new product development (Continued) New product development strategies Customer-centred new product development: new ways to solve customer problems and create more customer satisfying experiences. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.21 Managing new product development (Continued) New product development strategies Sequential new product development:  company departments work closely  together individually to complete each  stage of the process before passing it  along to the next department or stage. †¢ Increased control in risky or complex projects but may be slow. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.22 Managing new product development (Continued) New product development strategies Team-based new product development: Various company departments work  closely together, overlapping the steps  in the product development process to  save time and increase effectiveness. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.23 Managing new product development (Continued) New product development strategies Systematic new product development: innovative development approach that collects, reviews, evaluates and manages new product ideas. †¢ Creates an innovation-oriented culture. †¢ Yields a large number of new product ideas. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.24 Product life-cycle strategies Product life cycle Figure 9.2 Sales and profits over the product’s life from inception to decline Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.25 Product life-cycle strategies (Continued) †¢ Product development – Sales are zero and investment costs mount. †¢ Introduction – Slow sales growth and profits are nonexistent. †¢ Growth – Rapid market acceptance and increasing profits. †¢ Maturity – Slowdown in sales growth and profits level off or decline. †¢ Decline – Sales fall off and profits drop. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.26 Product life-cycle strategies (Continued) Figure 9.3 Styles, fashions and fads Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.27 Product life-cycle strategies (Continued) Fads are temporary periods of unusually high sales driven by consumer enthusiasm and immediate product or brand popularity. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.28 Product life-cycle strategies (Continued) Introduction stage †¢ Slow sales growth †¢ Little or no profit †¢ High distribution and promotion expense. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.29 Product life-cycle strategies (Continued) Growth stage †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Sales increase New competitors enter the market Price stability or decline to increase volume Consumer education Profits increase Promotion and manufacturing costs gain economies of scale. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.30 Product life-cycle strategies (Continued) Maturity stage †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Slowdown in sales Many suppliers Substitute products Overcapacity leads to competition Increased promotion and RD to support sales and profits. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.31 Product life-cycle strategies (Continued) Maturity stage modifying strategies †¢ Market modifying †¢ Product modifying †¢ Marketing mix modifying Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.32 Product life-cycle strategies (Continued) Decline stage †¢ Maintain the product †¢ Harvest the product †¢ Drop the product Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.33 Additional product and service considerations Product decisions and social responsibility Public policy and regulations regarding developing and dropping products, patents, quality and safety. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013 Slide 9.34 Additional product and service considerations (Continued) International product and service marketing—challenges †¢ Determining what products and services to introduce in which countries †¢ Standardisation versus customisation †¢ Packaging and labelling †¢ Customs, values and laws. Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing, 6th edition  © Pearson Education Limited 2013

What it Means to be a Boxer Essay -- Boxing Sport

Boxing is a combat oriented sport developed by the ancient Greeks in which two opponents fight each other with their fists. It was first introduced into the Olympics in 688 B.C but the sport was discontinued after the fall of the Roman Empire. It later resurfaced in the early 18th century in England by the name of "bare-knuckle fighting", the "boxing gloves", as we know them, did not come until much later. The Marquess of Queensbury rules, developed in 1867, are the general rules that modern boxing is based around today all around the world. Today, boxing is among the toughest sports in the world and requires a rigorous amount of training and exercise. It requires a unique mindset to which one must have the killer instinct to never give up and to attack at the opponent's weaknesses without mercy. Some consider boxing to be a reckless sport in which two unintelligent beings indulge to punching each other until one of them is knocked out. Others consider it poetry in motion. People say that sports are meant to enhance the body, whereas in boxing it would seem that the objective is ...

Adjusting Accounting Entries Essay

I have been asked by my supervisor to mentor a new accounting clerk in my department, I am hoping that when I’m done mentoring this person that they will understand accounting better. I am also hoping that my supervisor will be proud of me, and continue asking me to mentor new people, and hopefully give me a raise or a promotion. To better understand accounting we need to know why adjusting entries are so important to a business. Adjusting journal entries are made at the end of each closing period to adjust the account balances. Most of the time, this is necessary in order to achieve a clean cut-off at the end of the accounting period, and to ensure the accounts are complete, and accurate. Current account balances may not represent correct balances, because some mistakes were identified in the posting of transactions, and/or the accounting records are not updated to reflect new transactions or amount changes in previous transactions. Examples would include amounts that were posted to the wrong accounts, and timing differences in recognizing revenues and expenses between the accrual and the cash basis of accounting. (Adjusting JE, 2010) Adjusting entries can be either temporary or permanent. If the entry is temporary at some point the adjusting entry will be reversed or another adjusting entry will be made to the account. See more: Is the Importance of being earnest a satirical play essay I will know explain the four types of adjusting entries ,as well as give an example of each entry from the manufacturing industry. Accrued revenues (also called accrued assets) are revenues already earned but not yet paid by the customer or posted to the general ledger. An example of accrued revenue would be for a custom ordered machine that has been shipped FOB shipping point on the day the accounts receivable module is closed and the approval to bill the customer has not been received by the billing clerk. An adjusting entry would be recorded to recognize the revenue in the correct period. This entry will reverse when the customer is appropriately invoiced. * Accrued Revenue 14,000 * Revenue 14,000 Unearned revenues (or deferred revenues) are revenues received in cash and recorded as liabilities prior to being earned. Unearned revenue is a liability to the entity until the revenue is earned. An example of unearned revenue would be if the customer paid a deposit for a custom ordered machine that has not been delivered, the deposit would be recorded as unearned revenue. This type of adjusting entry will be adjusted by another entry. * Revenue 14,000 * Deferred Revenue 14,000 Accrued expenses (also called accrued liabilities) are expenses already incurred but not yet paid or recorded. Examples of these types of adjusting entries could be for payroll that has been earned by employees on the last day of the period but not paid until the next payroll date. These types of entries generally reverse the next month. * Salaries Expense 89,000 * Salaries Payable 89,000 Prepaid expenses (or deferred expenses) are expenses paid in cash and recorded as assets prior to being used. The most common form of an adjusting entry for prepaid expense would be for the used portion of an insurance premium these types of adjusting entries are usually permanent. * Insurance Expense 1,000 * Prepaid Insurance 1,000 Other adjusting entries include depreciation of fixed assets, allowances for bad debts, and inventory adjustments. * Bad Debt Expense 50 * Allowance for Bad debt 50 (Adjusting EN, 2010) It is also wise to know how these entries are recorded in a computerized accounting system, since everything is now done by computers. At the end of each closing period, usually monthly, a thorough analysis of the trial balance is performed. This analysis include performance budget to actual and month to month to ensure all of the accounts are correctly stated. When an adjusting entry is identified, a journal entry input form is prepared. This form should be supported with source documents that justify the entry and reviewed and approved by the appropriate level of accounting management. Once the approval has been obtained, the journal entry is keyed into the general ledger system as either a standard or self-reversing journal entry. The journal entry is than posted to the general ledger. There is also ethical issues that can arise if these entries are not posted correctly, Adjusting journal entries are a good way for management to manipulate financial results by either accruing more revenue or expenses than appropriate, and for fraudsters to hide skimming, which is the misappropriation of cash. It is extremely important to understand that each adjusting journal entry must be fully supported and approved. If you have any questions about what I have explained to you please don’t hesitate to ask me anything, I am here to help you succeed in this business, and in this firm.

Othello Portia and Desdemona Essay

Othello, Portia and DesdemonaIntroductionThey say art lives forever, while some say that nothing lasts forever, but nothing is as timeless in literature as the works of one William Shakespeare and his play, A midsummer Nights Dream. The plays have two different versions that follow the play closely, but they are as dissimilar as night and day. The first production of this play opened the New York City Ballet in April, 1964 at the New York State Theater. The second was a BBC production in 1981. These plays are different as much as they are similar. For example, in Act 3, Scene 2, the scene is mainly set up in the forest. In the 1981 version, the woods are fairly vague, which indicates a backdrop that has been painted? Even with color, there seems to lack the element of life and suspense. A similarly painted moon hangs on the backdrop of a similarly painted sky which makes things look more static and less lively. This version of the BCC Company focuses more on the development of characters rather than on the blend of character with a realistic backdrop. The Hollywood version of the play has tall and dark trees that make the forest seem haunted. The scene is big and to some extent overwhelming. In the 1980s things returned to a more conservative trend. Puck, for example, is a mysterious goblin or fairy who is full of mischief and riddles. The BBC version shows him to be a teenager who is darker than he is humorous. He also has pitch black hair and also wears fangs, which makes him a scary character in the play. In the Hollywood version of the play, Puck is a small boy rather than the presumed magical fairy. Although they speak the same lines, they have completely different attitudes. For example, in the BBC version, he sounds as if he is fed up while, in the Hollywood version, he sounds very much amused. Another distinct difference in the production of the play in both eras is in the mode of dressing of the characters. Hermia, for example, can be portrayed as either weak or strong depending on the director. In the 1981 version of it, she is portrayed as a strong and sweet lady full of emotions. She is passionate and she is in touch with her feelings. However, she is dressed in attire from the 1600s while, in the 1964 version, she is dressed in attire from the middle ages. In the 1964 version, she looks more like a fairy tale character. This way, she is not portrayed as a strong woman but a gentle and sweet eye candy. In the 1060s, women were viewed differently than they were in the 1980s. In the 1980s, women could have some opinion regarding their lives and issues that affected them. Another distinct difference in both plays is the fact that love was viewed differently by the society in both eras. Demetrius is in love with Hermia and at the same time, trying hard to get rid of Helena who has fallen in love with him, which angers him. In the 1981 version, he has dark hair and a goatee and in some way resembles a musketeer. When Puck bestows some magic on him, he suddenly becomes sweet and understanding and at the same time determined to get what he wants. In the 1964 version, he has no facial hair and he is more than perturbed by the persistence of Helena on her cause. Here, he pushes her away gently unlike the brutal way he puts her off in the 1981 version. This only shows two eras that the dramatic expressions and dismissals of love were taken differently. In the 1981 version, Helena is whiney and very confused. She dresses just like Hermia, but she is not quite as pretty as she is. In the 1964 version of the same play, she sounds very heartbroken and sad. In 1981, Helena made a speech that is more or less dramatic and demanding of attention according to recent times and cultures. In the 1964 version, she starts as a girl whose heart has been broken but ends up getting angry towards the end of her speech. This reflects on both cultures at the time whereby, in the 1980s, women could express their views, which included sudden outbursts. In the 1964 era, women were more conservative of their words and not much could trigger outbursts that were looked down upon. It is noteworthy that more distinct differences in both productions are not only limited to characters. They are also present in the overall scenes. For example, a big fight that happens in the forest was more physical in the 1981 version of the play. They splash severally in the puddles and often get in each others’ faces and the end, Hermia is both hurt and appalled. Helena, on the other hand, is confused. In the 1964 version of A Midsummer Night’s Dream, the forest fight is more in a lively spirit and jest as compared to the previous aggressive play. Here, Helena does more scorning and Hermia gets angry at her for this. In conclusion, it is my personal opinion as a lover of plays, that the BBC version of 1981 best captures modern situations and responses to a situation such as anger and love. On the other hand, the Hollywood version of 1964 best depicts the Elizabethan times when life was less complicated and women had limited voices. Now, they just yell, scorn and dismiss in public even the most private of issues. Shakespeare’s Hamlet is rife with different themes, spectacular in fact but all the more, precise in their execution. The theme of abused women stands out in its own right, especially when Ophelia comes to question. Trust is the most formidable show of humility besides love in Shakespeare’s plays, but they each stand out in his or her own right. Trust and love becomes the joy and the demise of many female characters in Shakespeare’s plays. However strong they feel for each other, some die at the hands of their spouses while some lose the meaning of the word love. Just like Lavina, Ophelia is a victim to much abuse from the men that she trusts in her life. The act of trusting and depending on the men in her life costs Ophelia her sanity and ultimately her life. Both Ophelia’s irreconcilable attachment to Polonius and Hamlet as individuals, and holding on to the values of chastity and sensual love as ultimate goals leads to her demise. Both Ophelia and Lavina have a similarity in that they are both motherless and have been cared for by their fathers. Ophelia is obedient and pretty much naive, much like most female characters in Shakespearean books and plays. Even in the midst of her madness, she still keeps the simplicity and the purity that characterizes her. Lavina, daughter to Titus Andronicus is the quintessential good girl of the Shakespearean times. She is chaste, obedient and very quiet as was required of her, exactly like Ophelia. She is raped and thereafter mutilated by Chiron and Demetrius who cut her tongue off and her hands so that she is unable to identify them either in writing or speech. Just like Ophelia is used as a pawn by Polonius and subsequently held in a hall where she spends most days, Lavina is denied the right to speak by her abusers. It is true to say that their naivety is the main cause for their tragedy that comes in untimely yet crude fashions. If they had known better, they would have stayed clear and taken caution. Desdemona is one of the characters in Shakespeare’s Othello. She is a Venetian beauty who enrages and disappoints her father by the unforgivable act of eloping with Othello. He is a man several years her senior who is later deployed to Cyprus to serve the Republic of Venice, and Desdemona accompanies him. As time goes by, Othello’s ensign, Lago manipulates him to believing that Desdemona is an adulteress, and in the final act, Othello murders her. Portia, on the other hand, is an also a beautiful and gracious, yet rich heiress whose father has imposed conditions for her hand in marriage. Her father insists that her suitors choose one of three boxes, either of gold, silver or lead. These suitors are mainly princess from other lands, but Portia is in love with Bassanio who is not royalty. Portia’s father had imposed these conditions for marriage just to make sure that her daughter would be loved for who she was and not because of her wealth. Much like Desdemona and Portia, Jessica breaks her father’s heart when she steals from him and elopes with her lover Lancelot. Desdemona elopes with her lover and gets married in the absence of her father, Portia does not follow the rules her father sets out for her condition in marriage, and Jessica steals and elopes with her father’s ducats and servant. It is a betrayal by daughters to their fathers who seem to control to them, even from the grave. However, these fathers are more concerned about the financial well-being of their daughters’ futures rather than their happiness. The norm of love in Shakespearean writings may be described as being a passion the kindles the heart and brain and makes somebody as senseless as the day he or she was born. Girls like Hermia, Desdemona, Imogen, Portia, Jessica, Juliet and Anne Page all look forward to marriage without turning their affections elsewhere. Religion is a major theme that appears in Shakespeare’s Othello. Enmity is created on both the religious and economic fronts. Since the Turks are Moslems, Othello has no regard for them and even insults them by calling one of them ‘a circumcised dog.’ He is a Christian by religion and as well, fights for Christians. The incident of the handkerchief obsesses Othello and the anger connects him to a pre-Christian or a pre-Moslem belief. At first, he says that he is going to chop Desdemona into bits but later prepares to kill her as a sacrifice. Once he realizes what he has done, he takes his own life as he once killed the Turk (he is executing the Turk he sees that he has become who is anti-Christian). During the Shakespearean times, England was mainly protestant while Spain was a Catholic nation. However, after the invasion of Spain, Catholics gained ground and more English converted. Although it is not clearly known which denomination, Shakespeare was following the Catholic secretly, while it is believed that he was a member of the newly formed Anglican Church. Before the time of his birth, the Elizabeth Religious Settlement served the Church of England exclusively and, therefore, the Roman Catholic Church was surprises. Scholars claim that there was evidence that Shakespeare’s family were secretly Catholic followers and that he took up the line. The likeness of Othello to Shakespeare is that they both have a secret admiration of the religion that is loathed and looked down upon. Othello saw himself as a Moslem after he killed Desdemona, while Shakespeare is a secret follower of the Catholics. Character defines a man; wisdom defines great men while love defines a lot of things, inclusive of idiocrity and naivety among men. Love has brought great men to their knees while the same love has elevated other men to unimaginable heights. Material wealth has been acquired through many unscrupulous actions but the best of them has been through love. Some have inherited it; some have worked for it while some have married into it. In this life, it is only normal for a woman to marry into riches, but in the Merchant of Venice, the tables have turned. Bassanio, a poor fellow has his sights on a beautiful heiress, primarily not for her beauty, but for the fortune that is her name. He explains to Antonio that in Belmont, there’s a lady who has been richly left, who is fair and nothing about her has been undervalued. He uses words such as value to indicate his intention to get her hand in marriage, and become part of the wealthy. Bassanio sets out to impress Portia in a bid to win her hand in marriage but he has to borrow money from his friend, Antonio. He asks that Antonio thinks of his lending as an investment into the future, because Bassanio was sure of winning her hand and becoming the husband of a rich lady. When Portia is informed of the arrival of Bassanio, the young Venetian, she and Nerrisa rush to see him, giddy like school girls. She has affection for the young lad but she cannot break the rules for her hand in marriage. She has to let him play the game like all other suitors have done and if he would lose, he would lose her forever, and he would not e allowed to marry another lady. At first, Bassanio’s love for wealth and a lavish lifestyle trumps any feeling that he might have had for Portia initially but after her realizes this, affection for her grows. When the prince of Morocco fails to win Portia’s hand, she is more than happy and wishes that all men of such color face the same fate. However, the request to play music when Bassanio is about to pick a casket is features as witty and out of sheer love. The song she plays only leads to the choice that Bassanio makes, as Portia secretly directs him with the words of her song. Why Bassanio chose the Lead casket instead of the golden one is something of a mystery of the heart. If Bassanio would have listened to his head, he should have chosen the golden or the silver casket because he was in so much debt. He did not value Portia as a regular woman, but the girl born with a silver or golden spoon. The song that Portia sings while he chooses the casket is the only indication that Bassanio would have made the wrong choice had he not heard it. In addition to that, the arrival of Bassanio had made Portia inclined to delay his choosing of the casket so that they would have had a few moments together. The brief moments that they were together made Bassanio realize that he indeed wanted to spend his life with Portia and he would listen to her. With this in mind, Portia secretly guides him to pick the lead casket which is the right one. In relation to Othello, The Merchant of Venice is quite a love story. With Portia and Jessica and Desdemona in Othello and The Merchant of Venice respectively, all ladies have rich fathers who seem quite controlling of their daughters, even form the grave, as is Portia’s case. However, all ladies have rich fathers but their suitors are clearly not of the same social class. They are also dedicated to their mates, regardless of the outcome. In Othello, interracial marriage ends in death or suicide while in The Merchant of Venice, Portia ends up being happy while Jessica converts to Christianity and also leads a happy life with her spouse. In Othello, Desdemona is obedient and even accompanies her husband to battle, knowing that she is needed in some way. Portia on the other hand Guides Bassanio into choosing the right casket because she understands that he only has one chance to prove his worth. References â€Å"A Midsummer Night’s Dream By William Shakespeare About A Midsummer Night’s Dream.† About A Midsummer Night’s Dream. N.p., 9 Feb. 2012. Web. 5 Apr. 2014. . â€Å"As Different As Night and Day: A Midsummer Nightà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Dream | carilynn27.† carilynn27. N.p., 29 Aug. 2010. Web. 5 Apr. 2014. . â€Å"Ophelia (character) | Online references | cyclopaedia.net.† Ophelia (character) | Online references | cyclopaedia.net. N.p., 24 May 2000. Web. 5 Apr. 2014. . â€Å"Othello Characters.† Othello Characters review at Absolute Shakespeare. N.p., 16 Sept. 2009. Web. 5 Apr. 2014. . â€Å"Shakespeare’s Treatment of Love and Marriage.† Shakespeare’s Treatment of Love and Marriage. N.p., 23 Feb. 2007. Web. 4 Apr. 2014. . â€Å"The (Un)speakability of Rape: Shakespeare’s Lucrece and Lavinia.† Scribd. N.p., 30 July 2012. Web. 5 Apr. 2014. . â€Å"The Bard, the Black, the Jew.† First Things. N.p., 4 Dec. 2005. Web. 5 Apr. 2014. . â€Å"The Merchant of Venice By William Shakespeare Character Analysis Bassanio.† Bassanio. N.p., 23 June 2000. Web. 5 Apr. 2014. â€Å"Themes in Shakespeare’s Othello (Gabriele Bernhard-Jackson).† Themes in Shakespeare’s Othello (Gabriele Bernhard-Jackson). N.p., 1 May 2009. Web. 4 Apr. 2014. . â€Å"William Shakespeare – An examination of two modern interpretations of Shakespeare’s `A Midsummer Night’s Dream’.† William Shakespeare – An examination of two modern interpretations of Shakespeare’s `A Midsummer Night’s Dream’. N.p., 5 Oct. 2006. Web. 5 Apr. 2014. .Shmoop Editorial Team. â€Å"Jessica in The Merchant of Venice.† Shmoop.com. Shmoop University, Inc., 11 Nov. 2008. Web. 4 Apr. 2014. . Shmoop Editorial Team. â€Å"Lavinia in Titus Andronicus.† Shmoop.com. Shmoop University, Inc., 11 Nov. 2008. Web. 5 Apr. 2014. . Shmoop Editorial Team. â€Å"Portia in The Merchant of Venice.† Shmoop.com. Shmoop University, Inc., 11 Nov. 2008. Web. 4 Apr. 2014. . Source document

If You Cant Stand The Heat, Get Out of The Kitchen! Professor Ramos Blog

If You Cant Stand The Heat, Get Out of The Kitchen! Culinary school was always my dream growing up.   I achieved that goal right after high school.   I attended La Cuisine of Culinary Arts in Laguna Beach and graduated with the highest distinction.   Because of that, I got job offers at restaurants and hotels all over Orange County.   I decided to venture out to Rancho Mirage and try out Roy’s Hawaiian Fusion; a high-end restaurant ran by a celebrity chef.   Walking in on my first day, I did not know what to expect since I have never worked in a big kitchen before.   I was greeted with, â€Å"Hey baby girl, looking good,† followed by about six whistling grown men smirking at me as I walked to my station.   It was then that I had realized I had entered a man’s world with no training, no classes, or pamphlets on how to survive as a female chef in a male dominated profession.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Traditionally, in the restaurant world, the front of the house is mainly females and the back of the house is mostly males.   Going into the cooking world, I did not really know that this was the norm of cooking, but it was.   I was raised by my dad, so for lack of better words, I was a Tom Boy.   He always taught me to be strong and have thick skin.   â€Å"Don’t be a sissy,† I felt was his catch phrase throughout my childhood.   So that is what I repeated to myself over and over as I walked with my head high, â€Å"Be strong. Have tough skin. Don’t be a sissy.†Ã‚   Who did these guys think they were anyways?   I got hired to do the same job as they did, but they obviously thought I did not have what it took to hang in the kitchen.   My first night of dinner service, the head chef wanted to see what I could handle, so he put me on the expo station. On the expo station, you are the leader of the kitchen. Expo makes sure that all food orders come out of the kitchen correctly and in a timely manner, basically the orchestra conductor. At first, I could tell the guys wanted to try and prove something to me and put me in my place. I got this drift because at first they were all slamming me with plates all at once in no particular order; they were trying to sabotage me. A huge wave of frustration engulfed me as I was losing my place and messing up the whole dinner service. They had succeeded. The guys proved that I could not hang in the kitchen with â€Å"the big boys.† I was crying on the inside, and I could not gather myself. It was at that moment of all hopelessness that I got my second wind of hope. I knew I was much better than what was being displayed. I was not going to let anyone ruin my image because I knew how good of a chef I truly was. After my first rush of tickets that went terribly south, another rush came shortly after. I took a five minute break and went back into the kitchen. I still had the smirks and whistles coming my way. When the next round of tickets came in I blocked everyone out and took a deep breath. And then it happened, I found my groove. I started calling out tickets, grabbing plates, garnishing dishes, and getting the kitchen to flow efficiently. At one point, I was going so fast the guys were asking me to repeat myself and slow down a bit, which is a cardinal sin in kitchen etiquette. At the end of service, the head chef came to me and told me that I did a great job in expediting the kitchen and getting all orders out without a struggle. I was feeling on top of the world to say the least. I had proven to myself, the chef, and my peers that I was good enough. I knew the guys were shocked by my progress by the end of the night. You would think that they all congratulated me with open arms to have survived that hazing period, but this is no Romantic Comedy film. The guys only continued to jab sexualized jokes towards me that were both inappropriate and annoying. I had just proven myself to be as good or better than most of those guys in the kitchen. â€Å"You can get it whenever you want baby girl,† was the comment that over flowed my boiling point. I literally could not believe what I had just heard. My heart immediately dropped to my stomach and then I instantly thought of my dad-what he always told me about being strong. I think over the years I have always misinterpreted his choice words. To me those words meant to keep your head down and get things done. When in all actuality, I think what he was meaning to convey was to be strong because life is going to throw you curveballs that sometimes you may not know how to handle at that moment, but it is okay to address things you feel strongly about. I then continued to politely, but sternly ask everyone making crude comments towards me to respect that I am a female and I was not there for nonsense with the guys. I loved food, and we had the same goal of creating delicious dishes to share with people who came to eat our food. Realizing that kitchen banter is quite vulgar was a huge shock, but every kitchen I ventured to was the same. Everyone is interested in the new girl coming in and wants to see if anyone can break her. It is a game to most guys in the industry. I had to be firm in where I stood with everyone I worked with and let them know I will respect them if they return the respect. If not, I would be not very pleasant. Throughout the years, most coworkers did not bat an eye to my requests but a select few tried to test me. It did not end well for them when I would have no choice but to call them out for being very unprofessional with me, and they looked like jerks to everyone. I really had to find my voice in a kitchen full of men. Being a chef is not glamorous like television shows portray. It is filled with hot long hours in small quarters with the same group of people day in and day out. Working in those conditions on top of all the kitchen talk can be exhausting at times, but all within reason. I had to stand up for what I thought was appropriate and what was not appropriate because I wanted my beliefs to be respected by others around me.

Critically analyse the social and spatial processes whereby a selected Essay

Critically analyse the social and spatial processes whereby a selected group becomes marginalised or excluded from society - Essay Example If the laws written in the books are to be followed, then there should not be marginalisation against the poor. Unfortunately though, the laws only seem to remain paper work as actual marginalisation against the poor takes place in everyday life. In this essay, there shall be the critical analysis of the various ways in which poor people are commonly discriminated against in society, leading a sense of marginalisation against them. Most importantly, ways of bridging the gap of marginalisation shall be reviewed. The review is expected to serve the purpose of not just laying the facts bear but going a step further to ensure that the paper becomes of significant essence to the marginalised poor such that the poor shall be in a position to live a normal life – the kind that is written in books. Marginalisation and Social Exclusion as a Process Marginalisation is a complex â€Å"process whereby certain groups suffering deprivation are pushed to the edge of society where they have little say in decision making and are denied the means to improve their position† (Combat Poverty Agency, 2002). Marginalisation and social exclusion is not an event but a process. ... al terms in social relationships in economic, social, cultural or political arenas.† As a process therefore, social exclusion and marginalisation involves a whole lot of components that entails social, economic, political or cultural acts of discrimination. Factors constituting Marginalisation against the Poor Spatial Inequalities Terms such as ‘rural’ and ‘urban’ are not leaving our group of vocabulary any time soon. It is common knowledge that the poor is associated with the rural settlement whereas the urban is for the rich and well to do. Instead of distrusting developmental resources and agenda equally to bridge the gap between the poor and the rich, governments continue give so many premiums to the welfare of the rich, providing them with social amnesties and facilities that are needed to make life easier and good. As if the poor is destined to live a difficult and bad life, rate of development between the rural and urban centres creates such a w ild gap that marginalisation is braided. In this regard, the Governance and Social Development Resource Centre (2011), notes that â€Å"spatial inequalities include disparities between rural and urban areas, and also between geographically advantaged and disadvantaged areas.† This means that any act that tries to segregate the poor from the rich through geographic divisions, giving advantage to one of the groups over the other constitutes spatial inequality of spatial marginalisation. As agents for change, political leaders are expected to put in place structures that bridge the gap between the rich and poor rather than widening the gap. Through gradual activities and developmental programs that tend to raise the quality of living in urban centres however, a halo of marginalisation tends to be created against the

Ethical View On the Influence of Corporations On Environment Research Paper

Ethical View On the Influence of Corporations On Environment - Research Paper Example This paper approves that ethical code of conduct under this section demands everybody to desist from insider trading. For elaborate and transparent business environment, illegal campaign contribution, all act of bribery and any other scandal executed at the expense of compromised code of ethics should never be encouraged for a healthy fair business environment to develop. In achieving an ethically respectable corporation within the business environment, it is important to facilitate the incorporation of ethical climate. Research has proven that ethical conduct is something that cannot be reinforced by the law but by intrinsic development and virtue. Since the law cannot force commitment of ethical codes, it is therefore important to influence it positively by creating a favorable working environment with ethical climate. Ethical climate of an organization simply refer to the process by which company decisions are made after deep evaluation of its implication and on the basis of right or wrong. This report makes a conclusion that it is clear that ethical matters are of great concern as far as influence of corporation on environment is concerned. In any business environment, establishment of good working relationship between employees and management is vital toward motivating workers. The managers should ethically be responsible in ensuring that rights of employee’s are not infringed in whatever decision they make. This is the only way to ensure prosperous working environment with mutual respect.